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Vitamin · in-depth review

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Biotin is a carboxylase cofactor. Pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and propionyl-CoA all need it to attach carbon dioxide. Egg yolk, nuts, and organ meats are relatively high.

Also known asBiotin
Related diseasesAndrogenetic alopecia
Related symptomsHair lossBrittle nails
Disease classesDiseases of the skin
Choose a formBiotin

Marked asPrimarySupporting

Primary

Supports energy carboxylation metabolism

Pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase use biotin as a cofactor before gluconeogenesis and fatty-acid synthesis can proceed. Egg yolk, almonds, peanuts, and animal liver are food sources. When large amounts of raw egg white are eaten for a long time, rash, hair loss, and fatigue more readily appear together in the same period.

Primary

Maintains skin and mucous membranes

Scalp follicles, nail beds, and mucosa turn over fast and demand more carboxylation, so hair-care formulas often add biotin. True deficiency is what shows hair loss, periocular rash, and neurologic symptoms; ordinary diets are usually already enough. What it supplies is carboxylase substrate; changes in hair volume and nails depend on whether a real deficiency is present.

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Hair loss

Scalp follicles, nail beds, and mucosa turn over fast and demand more carboxylation, so hair-care formulas often add biotin. People who shed more when combing and whose crown looks thinner more often notice shed amount and hair density after several continuous weeks.

Brittle nails

Scalp follicles, nail beds, and mucosa turn over fast and demand more carboxylation, so hair-care formulas often add biotin. People whose nails split in layers and stay thin after filing more often notice hardness and fewer breaks after several continuous weeks.

Androgenetic alopecia

Pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase use biotin as a cofactor before gluconeogenesis and fatty-acid synthesis can proceed. People whose hairline recedes and crown thins, already being watched, more often notice shed and coverage after several continuous weeks.

With foodMay be taken on an empty stomach or with food; if it bothers you, switch to after a meal
Best timeMorning or midday
SolubilityWater-soluble

Tell the lab you are taking biotin before blood tests.

General wellnessAdults 30 mcg/day (AI)
Specific needsNo official UL; typical adult supplement daily safety upper limit is about 10,000 mcg (10 mg), and do not exceed this on your own long term.

How oftenStay near the adequate intake; do not self-start very high doses for hair or nails.

Cautions

High-dose biotin can interfere with some blood tests, including thyroid and troponin; tell the lab before blood draw.

Interactions

  1. Antiepileptic drugs (may lower biotin status)
  2. High doses can interfere with thyroid and troponin lab tests (tell the lab before blood draw)
Common side effects

· Usual doses are generally well tolerated

Rare but important

· False lab results from high doses can lead to misdiagnosis.

Long-term dependenceDoes not cause addiction or typical tolerance.

Sources

These are institution pages you can check—not a certification of this ingredient.

Medical disclaimerThis page is compiled by the HerbBB editorial team for general health information only. It is not a substitute for advice from a doctor, pharmacist, or other qualified clinician. If you have a health condition, take medicines, or are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak with a professional first.